Although numerous studies have shown that the use of PCSs has beneficial effects, definitive conclusions on the effectiveness of PCSs on thermal comfort enhancement have yet to be drawn. Personal comfort systems (PCSs) that are energy efficient have been widely used indoors to improve occupant thermal comfort and acceptability under a variety of thermo-hygrometric conditions. Understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of the human thermal plume is crucial to formulate measures to mitigate the inhalation exposure to particulate matter, achieve independent and personalized control of the human microenvironment, and create a healthy, intelligent and energy-saving indoor environment. It has been shown that the particle concentration is two times lower in the breathing zone of a rotating manikin than a static manikin. Indoor airflow patterns significantly affect the dispersion of pollutants, especially in rooms equipped with displacement ventilation at low airflow velocities. Studies have reported that the human thermal plume may prevent particulate matter from entering the breathing zone under specific conditions.

The concentration can be four times higher than that in the ambient environment. The human thermal plume transports particle pollutants from the floor to the breathing zone, increasing the inhaled particulate matter concentration. This paper reviews studies on the human thermal plume and its influence on the inhalation exposure to particulate matter in the breathing zone under different conditions.

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